Dane statystyczne CIA

Economy - overview:
Poland has pursued a policy of economic liberalization since 1990 and Poland's economy was the only country in the European Union to avoid a recession through the 2008-09 economic downturn. Although EU membership and access to EU structural funds have provided a major boost to the economy since 2004, GDP per capita remains significantly below the EU everage while unemployment continues to exceed the EU average. The government of Prime Minister Donald TUSK steered the Polish economy through the economic downturn by skillfully managing public finances without stifling economic growth and adopted controversial pension and tax reforms to further shore up public finances. Poland's economic performance could improve over the longer term if the country addresses some of the remaining deficiencies in its road and rail infrastructure and its business environment. An inefficient commercial court system, a rigid labor code, bureaucratic red tape, burdensome tax system, and persistent low-level corruption keep the private sector from performing up to its full potential.
GDP (purchasing power parity):
$802 billion (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 21 $783.6 billion (2011 est.) $751.1 billion (2010 est.) note: data are in 2012 US dollars
GDP (official exchange rate):
$470.4 billion (2012 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
2.4% (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 133 4.3% (2011 est.) 3.9% (2010 est.)
GDP - per capita (PPP):
$21,000 (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 61 $20,500 (2011 est.) $19,700 (2010 est.) note: data are in 2012 US dollars
GDP - composition by sector:
agriculture: 3.5% industry: 34.2% services: 62.3% (2012 est.)
Labor force:
17.92 million (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 34
Labor force - by occupation:
agriculture: 17.4% industry: 29.2% services: 53.4% (2005)
Unemployment rate:
12.6% (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 131 12.4% (2011 est.)
Population below poverty line:
17% (2003 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%: 3.3% highest 10%: 27.1% (2009 est.)
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
34.2 (2008) country comparison to the world: 89 31.6 (1998)
Investment (gross fixed):
20.3% of GDP (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 93
Budget:
revenues: $89.47 billion expenditures: $99.54 billion (2012 est.)
Taxes and other revenues:
19% of GDP (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 167
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
-2.1% of GDP (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 75
Public debt:
53.8% of GDP (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 55 53.4% of GDP (2011 est.) note: data cover general government debt, and includes debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities, the data include subnational entities, as well as intra-governmental debt; intra-governmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
3.6% (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 105 4.2% (2011 est.)
Central bank discount rate:
4% (31 December 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 97 3.5% (31 December 2009 est.)
Commercial bank prime lending rate:
8.6% (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 112 8.47% (31 December 2011 est.)
Stock of narrow money:
$152.8 billion (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 24 $137 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
Stock of broad money:
$293.4 billion (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 33 $252.8 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
Stock of domestic credit:
$335.4 billion (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 33 $295.4 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
Market value of publicly traded shares:
$138.2 billion (31 December 2011) country comparison to the world: 35 $190.2 billion (31 December 2010) $135.3 billion (31 December 2009)
Agriculture - products:
potatoes, fruits, vegetables, wheat; poultry, eggs, pork, dairy
Industrial production growth rate:
6.9% (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 44
Current account balance:
-$18.29 billion (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 180 -$22.25 billion (2011 est.)
Exports:
$192.3 billion (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 28 $193.9 billion (2011 est.)
Exports - commodities:
machinery and transport equipment 37.8%, intermediate manufactured goods 23.7%, miscellaneous manufactured goods 17.1%, food and live animals 7.6%
Exports - partners:
Germany 26.8%, UK 6.6%, Czech Republic 6.4%, France 6.3%, Italy 5.5%, Netherlands 4.5%, Russia 4.2% (2011)
Imports:
$206.5 billion (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 26 $208.1 billion (2011 est.)
Imports - commodities:
machinery and transport equipment 38%, intermediate manufactured goods 21%, chemicals 15%, minerals, fuels, lubricants, and related materials 9%
Imports - partners:
Germany 28.7%, Russia 10.3%, Netherlands 5.9%, Italy 5.3%, China 5.3%, France 4.4%, Czech Republic 4.3% (2011)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
$99.93 billion (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 22 $97.86 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
Debt - external:
$310.2 billion (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 29 $318.3 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
$194.9 billion (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 23 $190.9 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
$44.89 billion (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 37 $44.39 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
Exchange rates:
zlotych (PLN) per US dollar - 3.267 (2012 est.) 2.9639 (2011 est.) 3.0153 (2010 est.) 3.1214 (2009) 2.3 (2008)
Fiscal year:
calendar year dane wg www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/pl.html